Uttam laudari jr iii kathmandu medical college intravenous urography 2. An intravenous pyelogram ivp, also called an intravenous urogram ivu, is a radiological procedure used to visualize abnormalities of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Radt 210 positioning iii san diego mesa college radiography program. The total number of lesions demonstrated was less than 1 per cent. Additional determination of urinary flow rate is useful for the assessment of an incompletely emptying bladder. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 552k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page.
The dose of contrast to be used for iv urography in neonates and infants is discussed. As an imaging study, it combines anatomic accuracy with qualitative information regarding renal function and obstruction. Our standard procedure for intravenous urography with optional images is outlined in the, table, 6, 10 the preliminary kidney, ureter, bladder kub radiograph is an indispensable part of the sequence. To demonstrate the presence of calculi demonstrate the contour of the kidneys 4. The purpose of the this study was to measure the entrance surface air kerma esak and body organs, and the effective doses in intravenous urography ivu xray examinations in sudanese hospitals. Other activities to help include hangman, crossword, word scramble, games, matching, quizes, and tests. References to any names, marks, products, or services of third parties or hypertext links to third. This combination is safer than intravenous urography and should be the initial investigation for such patients. This exam has been largely replaced by ct urography terminology.
The shortcomings of the intravenous urogram ivu have given rise to radionuclide and pressure studies, but the ivu, nevertheless, remains the common initial study which may raise the question of hydronephrosis in any patient fig. Magnetic resonance urography as an imaging modality for urinary. How the test is performed an ivp is done in a hospital radiology department or a health care providers office. Intravenous urography ivu, also referred to as intravenous pyelography ivp or excretory urography eu, is a radiographic study of the renal parenchyma, pelvicalyceal system, ureters and the urinary bladder. By combining unenhanced sequences with multiphase contrast enhanced and excretory phase imaging, a comprehensive assessment of the. Ordinarily, standard xrays pass through the soft tissues of the body, such as your urinary tract making them difficult to see.
On the other, the t1weighted mru technique imitates conventional intravenous pyelography and is, therefore, referred to as excretory mr urography. Apply the rules of urographic interpretation to the evaluation of urinary tract disease. A normal intravenous urography ivu with the following films. Excretory urography permits imaging of the renal arteries up to the intrarenal ramification if the contrast medium is injected as a bolus and the time of circulation between arm vein and abdominal aorta is determined with sufficient accuracy.
All drug classes nonionic iodinated contrast media 6. Using advanced imaging equipment, our qualified and experienced. If you experience any delayed reaction to the contrast medium, such as hives, call your doctor. Intravenous urography procedure and indications flashcards. The intravenous urogram in idiopathic hydronephrosis. Intravenous fluid for a patient undergoing operation mother hands holding her baby patient hand with saline intravenous. The department of radiology provides a comprehensive range of imaging services, both diagnostic and imageguided interventional procedures to diagnose and treat many medical conditions. An intravenous pyelogram ivp is a special xray exam of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Ultimately, most modern mr urographic studies combine t1 and. The infant survived with respiratory support during his first few days of life. Intravenous urography procedure and indications cypress college radt 247 radiographic positioning with 8th edition of textbook of radiographic positioning and related anatomy by kenneth l.
Of the many ways to obtain images of the urinary system, the intravenous injection of a contrast agent has been traditionally considered the best. Technique and interpretation1 learning objectives for test 1 after reading this article and taking the test, the reader will be able to. Antegrade mdct pyelography is an alternative imaging technique to ct urography in patients with. Intravenous stock photos download 9,960 royalty free photos. The kidneys are two beanshaped organs located in the back abdomen, on both sides of the spine.
The renal tract is made up of the kidneys, the ureters which are the tubes between the kidneys and bladder, and the bladder. Any information contained in this pdf file is automatically generated from digital material submitted to epos by third parties in the form of scientific presentations. The urinary tract includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Free flashcards to help memorize facts about urinary system.
From a variety of other ways to get the image of the excretory system, the injection of intravenous contrast agent into the traditionally is considered the best and safe way. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about the bmj. The renal calyces, renal pelvis, ureters, and urinary bladder are all visible on the radiographs. Computer tomography ict an electronic, ict has a better contrast sensitivity. Definition it is the radiographic examination of the urinary tract including the renal parenchyma, calyces and pelvis after the intravenous injection of the contrast media. Often complete ureteral duplication is associated with vesicoureteral refl ux and as well as with other anomalies, the most frequent being the ureterocele. Intravenous urography definition intravenous urography is a test which x rays the urinary system using intravenous dye for diagnostic purposes.
This barcode number lets you verify that youre getting exactly the right version or edition of a. Intravenous urography in evaluation of acute retention. Contrast nephrography or excretory urography is a simple and safe technique which allows identification of the size, shape. Intravenous pyelogram ivp is an xray to see the urinary tract. Unlike a kidneys, ureters, and bladder xray kub, which is a plain that is, noncontrast radiograph, an ivp uses contrast to highlight the urinary tract. The role of all modalities, including conventional radiography, intravenous urography ivuexcretory urography, ultrasonography, retrograde pyelography, multidetector computed tomography urography mdctu, and magnetic resonance urography mru, is discussed. Like any other imaging study, intravenous urography should ideally be tailored to answer a specific clinical question, 4, 5.
Intravenous urography ivu introduction and definition. From the radiology information system, we obtained information about age, sex, referring physician, indication, and diagnosis. For many years, intravenous urography ivu was the modality of choice for diagnosing urinary tract abnormalities. This inspection is performed to check whether there is any kidney stones or other kidney problems. Excretory urography, also known as intravenous pyelogram, is performed using conventional xray after the intravenous administration of radiographic contrast material. However, when a special contrast agent is given intravenously, your urinary tract will show up clearly. Intravenous pyelogram aftercare instructions what you. Intravenous urography of renal tract, radiology test ivu urogram intravenous fluids.
Magnetic resonance urography in duplex kidney with ectopic ureteral insertion. Estimation of pediatric radiation doses in intravenous. In numerous cases one of the ureteral orifi ces usually the one that drains the upper renal unit has an ectopic. Pdf analysis of intravenous urography findings in a. Historically, intravenous urography ivu has been the primary method of imaging in these patients. An intravenous pyelogram ivp, is a diagnostic procedure that uses a contrast agent and xrays to obtain pictures of your urinary tract. Historically, intravenous urography ivu was the radiographic modality of choice for noninvasive assessment of the urinary tract.
Toxic levels are only just above the currently accepted doses of 24. Urography is an examination used to evaluate the kidneys, ureters and bladder. Roe of multidetector row ct urography in the evaluation of. Intravenous urogram definition of intravenous urogram by. The dose rate for intravenous administration is 880mg of iodine per kilo of body weight. Drugs used for intravenous urography the following list of medications are in some way related to, or used in the treatment of this condition. Intravenous urography an overview sciencedirect topics. Intravenous urogram synonyms, intravenous urogram pronunciation, intravenous urogram translation, english dictionary definition of intravenous urogram. Intravenous urography examines is the urinary system by using a special dye contrast medium that is injected into one of your veins. Analysis of intravenous urography findings in a tertiary reference center. This technique is still performed for pediatric patients.
The dye travels through the bloodstream and is removed by the kidneys and passed into the ureters and bladder. Urography flashcards flashcard machine create, study. Some prefer the term urogram to refer to visualization of the kidney parenchyma, calyces, and pelvis after. Intravenous urography ivu intravenous urography is a check for a urinary tract. When an intravenous injected, most of the contrast media to be secreted by the kidneys. We studied the referrals for intravenous urography and their outcome during the year 2000 in a university department before the switch to unenhanced computed tomography ct and ct urography. We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. Antegrade mdct pyelography for the evaluation of patients. Traditionally, intravenous urography ivu, also known as intravenous pyelogram ivp or excretory urography exu, is commonly performed to investigate the. This chapter outlines the place of conventional radiology in the diagnosis and management of idiopathic hydronephrosis. The dye helps to show up these organs more clearly on xrays.